Supports pliability (ease in change of shape from baseline) Water content is 15–30% ( Johnsen, Haugsnes, Martinsen, & Grimnes, 2010) Structure of up to 25–30 rows of corneocytes includes fibrous keratin “brick and mortar” arrangement, in conjunction with other stratified layers in the epidermis, increases tensile strength (resistance to longitudinal stress), and resistance to damage ( Micali, Lacarrubba, Bongu, & West, 2001) ![]() Stratum corneum-outermost layer of epidermis The purpose of this article is to describe the physiologic basis of SVE, discuss a measurement strategy that scientists can use when SVE is a variable in research protocols, describe changes in SVE that occur during the life span, and analyze the relevance of SVE to knowledge development in nursing science. In this article, we focus on SVE because of these protective properties and their role in protection versus injury. The viscoelastic property of the skin provides protection against injury, as it allows for additional movement (as compared to just elastic properties) of skin structures away from and returning toward baseline without breaking ( Clancy et al., 2010 Seehra & Silver, 2006). In fluids, resistance to flow is caused by adhesion of molecules viscosity is a measure of the effort to shear the fluid, or to overcome the friction between the layers of molecules. Skin viscoelasticity (SVE) incorporates the water content of the skin and adds the principle of viscosity, the internal resistance to flow when a shearing force or stress is applied to a fluid. ![]() Skin elasticity (SE) is a property of the skin that enables it to change and recover shape when stretched or deformed ( Clancy et al., 2010). Skin biomechanics are the physiological properties of the epidermis and dermis that (a) provide protection against biological invasion, injury, and ultraviolet (UV) radiation and (b) resist the loss of skin integrity that occurs with movement, stretching, and application of force ( Barel, Lambrecht, & Clarys, 1998 Clancy, Nilsson, Anderson, & Leahy, 2010 Seehra & Silver, 2006).Įlasticity is generically defined as the physical property of a substance that enables it to change its length, volume, or shape in response to a force, followed by recovery toward its original form when the force is removed. Paradoxically, skin biomechanics represent relatively underdeveloped areas of research in nursing science. Skin is the largest organ in the human body and serves as a primary interface between health care providers and patients.
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